A Blog by Jonathan Low

 

Oct 2, 2026

Russian Bridgehead North of Kupiansk Is Shrinking Due To Ukrainian Pressure

This is a smaller version of what is happening around Lyman due to Operation Vivaldi. The Kupiansk salient is different in many ways, but the Ukrainian tactics - drone recon guiding infantry to eliminate individual Russian positions, quietly, over time - are adding up to a similar result. JL

Ryder Blackthorn reports in Frontline Signal:
Something is changing north of Kupiansk. Wooded areas are being cleared, individual Russian positions are disappearing, and terrain around the Dvorichna bridgehead have been shifting back toward Ukrainian control. The Russian bridgehead has been shrinking for  for more than a month. Drone teams locate Russian positions. Small assault groups move in underneath that surveillance, clear the position, and establish control. Then they move on to the next. Against a bridgehead held partly through scattered positions and narrow supply routes, those little pieces start adding up. Russian attack intensity in the Kupiansk area was roughly half what it had been in August. Signs of exhaustion are becoming visible among Russian formations. If enough of those little pieces disappear, the bridgehead starts disappearing with them.

Amphibious Drone Is Ukraine's Newest Threat To Russian On Land And Sea

First were the aerial drones which evened the battlefield in the face of Russia's manpower advantage. Then came the sea drones, which helped 
eliminate the storied Black Sea Fleet and forced its remaining ships to flee to ports hundreds of kilometers away. They were followed by ground drones which have taken on an increasingly important role in front line fighting. 

But now, Ukraine is combining elements of all three to make their unmanned systems forces even more lethal. In addition to using aerial drones to drop ground drones behind Russian lines, Kyiv's forces have created an amphibious ground-sea drone that can operate effectively in both environments, making them harder to stop and even more deadly by increasing the number of directions from which they can attack. JL

Brendan Cole reports in Newsweek:
Ukraine  deployed an unmanned vehicle that traveled across land and water and delivered ammunition and supplies to its troops in a technological breakthrough. The robotic amphibious platform was used for the first time, moving provisions across 25 miles of mixed land and water. This solves the logistics problem on parts of the Ukrainian front where rivers, canals and marshes prove to be obstacles to supplying troops. This month, the number of missions of Ukraine's ground-based robotic systems more than tripled since the start of this year. Unmanned ground vehicles are playing a larger role in Ukraine's assault tactics against Russia as they carry out tasks once assigned to infantry.

Nearly Half of Russia's Best Air Defense Weapon Has Been Destroyed By Ukraine

Russia's Pantsir is its best - and last
line of defense against incoming Ukrainian missiles and drones. Knowing that, Ukraine has now destroyed almost half of the Kremlin's inventory - or more than they could muster before the invasion.

The result of this systematic degradation is that even more important targets are now easier to hit, including troop concentrations, command headquarters, air fields and oil refineries. And this is a significant part of the reason why Russian casualties are rising even as it loses more previously occupied territory. JL

The Ground Truth Observatory reports:
Ukraine's forces has now destroyed 48% of Russia’s operational Pantsir-S1 fleet — the system “the most effective against our long-range drones.” The Pantsir-S1 is a self-propelled fortress on an eight-wheeled truck: twelve guided missiles stacked above two pairs of 30-millimeter autocannons, radars and electro-optical sensors that can track targets in darkness and bad weather, a crew of three, and an engagement envelope that stretches from 200 meters out to 20 kilometers. It sells for between $13 million and almost $15 million. The Pantsir is the last line of defense against a cruise missile, a drone or a bomb and what it is protecting: S-400 batteries, military airbases, the Kerch Bridge, oil refineries, the Kremlin itself. When a Pantsir dies, something much more valuable loses its bodyguard. Net losses are over 125 systems, more than the Kremlin's pre-war inventory. 

Russia's Ground Loss Grew In Past 6 Months As Ukraine Advanced 300Km

The 2026 battlefield numbers are growing grimmer for Russia: it's net loss of occupied Ukrainian territory has grown over the past six months at the same time its casualties suffered while losing that ground have also ballooned. 

Ukraine's advances across multiple fronts appear inexorable, while Russia struggles to hold what it has, let alone attempts to claim small unit infiltrations into areas it has occasionally penetrated but cannot hold as some sort of victory. And even its propaganda claims are now being challenged by objective sources. The overall implication is that Russia cannot win a war on the battlefield so is attempting to substitute attacks on civilians as a means of compensating for its military weakness. The larger problem for the Kremlin is that Ukraine has now tested its own ballistic missile and is now mass producing them with the goal of imposing the same suffering on the Russian people this winter. JL
 
The New Voice of Ukraine reports:
Ukrainian forces regained control of nearly 300 square kilometers from March through September 2026. In September 2026, Russian forces captured 175.54 square kilometers, but Ukrainian forces counterattacked and liberated 256.35 square kilometers — yielding a net positive territorial shift of 80.81 square kilometers in Ukraine's favor. When factoring infiltration zones, Moscow's net territorial deficit widened further: while Russian forces seized or infiltrated 143.2 square kilometers, Ukrainian forces liberated 318.38 square kilometers, generating a net margin of +175.18 square kilometers for Ukraine. Russian forces sustained more than 46k soldiers killed or wounded in action in September 2026 alone — marking Moscow's highest single-month casualty toll recorded in 2026.

Most Americans Hate AI Because They Don't Believe It Benefits Them

The numbers on public support for AI are getting worse not better. And the opposition has gone from localized outrage at the size, noise, impact on electricity bills of data centers to a more general loathing of the technology. 

Rather than attempting to change public opinion, big tech has decided the best way to proceed is subterfuge: secret deals with local governments and utilities which mask construction plans, which, of course, only expands and hardens opposition. But the real issue is that, having lived with technology for a generation, Americans now know what it can and cannot do - and for whom. So they are well aware that they are not going to be the beneficiaries of any great technological revelation, but rather, will end up paying the price as a shrinking few cash in while insisting the public let their betters run things. And it is that contemptuous arrogance which is really fueling AI's unpopularity. JL

Paul Krugman reports in his substack:
Americans really hate AI. What began as NIMBYism - no one wants a data center in their neighborhood - has broadened into severe doubts about the technology. Only 28% of Americans believe that AI should move full speed ahead. Everyone else wants it slowed or stopped. Donald Trump remains a huge booster. But only 7% of Americans trust Trump’s leadership in regulating AI. Historically, Americans have been tech enthusiasts (but) there are prosaic reasons for the public’s dislike: This is of, by and for oligarchs, with hardly any of the benefits trickling down. Never before in history have corporations spent so much money to create so few jobs. Data centers themselves employ hardly any. And most of the “compute hardware” is imported! The deep unpopularity of AI isn’t hard to explain: a technology enriches a small number of people, but may destroy millions of jobs. And the backlash is so strong, and emerged so quickly, that it may have political consequences.

Oct 1, 2026

Russian Casualties Have Risen 46% In 2026, With September the Worst Month Yet

In January 2026 the Ukrainian high command set a goal of inflicting 50,000 monthly. casualties on Russian forces. In September they reached 46,000. And that was after imposing more than 40,000 for months beforehand. 

It was last December when Ukraine first caused more monthly losses than the Kremlin could replace. Russian casualties for the year are now up 46% and expected to grow as Ukraine perfects the accuracy and lethality of its drones. JL

Tania Myronyshena reports in the Kyiv Independent:
Russian forces suffered 46,230 personnel losses in September, the highest monthly figure recorded by Ukraine so far in 2026. The September figure surpassed previous summer highs of 42,860 in July and 42,020 in August. Russian personnel losses have risen from 31,710 in January to 46,230 in September — an increase of 46%.  In January, then-Defense Minister Mykhailo Fedorov said Ukraine aimed to "kill 50,000 Russians per month," arguing that losses on that scale could undermine Moscow's ability to sustain the war. The increase also comes as Russia faces growing pressure to replace troops while sustaining offensive operations along the front. December 2025 marked the first month in which Russian personnel losses exceeded the number of troops Moscow managed to recruit

Operation Vivaldi Has Made Russia's Strategic Donbas Plan "Entirely Unviable"

Yes, Operation Vivaldi's ground gains are significant and the casualties it has inflicted on Russian forces are devastating. 

But the most important result of the Ukrainian counteroffensive so far is that it has made the Kremlin's primary operational objective for this year unobtainable. Or in the words of the Institute for the Study of War, "entirely unviable.' The implication is both that Putin's goals - and his reputational stature - have been further degraded while Ukraine now has additional options for framing the war in pursuit of its own strategic objectives. JL

Alex Rowan reports:
Operation Vivaldi's territorial gains are significant, but the strategic impact is what makes them matter. Russia spent months trying to encircle Ukraine’s Donbas fortresses — Sloviansk, Kramatorsk, Kostiantynivka. The plan was to squeeze Ukrainian defenders from multiple directions and force a withdrawal. Ukraine’s counterattack near Lyman has made that plan, according to the ISW, “entirely unviable.” That is the real result of Operation Vivaldi. Not just 176 square kilometers, but the collapse of Russia’s main operational objective in Donetsk. Russia can still attack. It can still take casualties. But it cannot encircle a fortress belt that Ukraine has now broken open from the inside. That is where the war stands. Russia can still bomb Ukrainian cities. But Ukraine is taking back its land.