The Reason Ukrainians Are Ignoring Russian Evacuation Orders

It is viewed by Ukrainians in Russian-occupied areas as a sign of complicity or even treason. And based on last year's experience, there is a sense that the Russians are demanding evacuation because they themselves are planning to retreat as they did at Kharkiv and Kherson. 

Many Ukrainians appear to hope they can ride out a fairly short battle - possibly even help advancing Ukrainian troops - and then resume their lives rather than become refugees subject to the whims of Russian security officials. JL

Marc Santora and Anna Lukinova report in the New York Times:

People living in Russian-occupied areas of southern Ukraine described an atmosphere of confusion as occupation authorities ordered evacuations in the face of a looming Ukrainian counteroffensive. Occupation authorities in the Zaporizhzhia region occupied by Russian forces, and one of several points where Ukraine could attempt to break Russian defenses in a counteroffensive issued “mandatory” evacuation orders for  70,000 people. (But) few appeared to be heeding the evacuation orders. The people to be evacuated were those who had agreed to take up Russian citizenship.

People living in Russian-occupied areas of southern Ukraine described an atmosphere of confusion over the weekend as the occupation authorities ordered evacuations in the face of a looming Ukrainian counteroffensive.

The New York Times communicated with more than a dozen people in occupied towns and villages in the Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions of Ukraine by phone and via secure messaging applications. They said that gas stations are running dry, grocery store shelves are emptying and A.T.M.s are out of cash.

“They discharge people from the hospitals and take away the equipment,” said Andriy, 38, a resident of occupied Kamianka-Dniprovska in the Zaporizhzhia region of southern Ukraine. “Then they close them. No one explains why and for how long. And people are afraid to ask since there are armed soldiers around.”

Access to occupied areas is heavily restricted, and the accounts of residents could not be independently verified. Some of those interviewed were reached with the assistance of exiled local officials; others were contacted through relatives in Kyiv or after they posted about the evacuation orders on social media.

Russian occupation authorities have in the past presented mandatory evacuations as a humanitarian gesture, although last fall, an evacuation order in the Kherson region preceded a Russian military retreat.

In Zaporizhzhia, there was no indication of Russians withdrawing, according to Ukrainian military officials and Western military analysts, who say that Moscow’s troops continue to expand defensive fortifications in a sign that they are digging in for coming battles.

On Friday, occupation authorities in the Zaporizhzhia region — partially occupied by Russian forces, and one of several points along the long front line where Ukraine could attempt to break through Russian defenses in a counteroffensive — issued “mandatory” evacuation orders for 18 towns and villages, citing intensified fighting. About 70,000 people in the region were expected to be relocated, according to Russia’s state-run Tass news agency. It was not immediately clear where they would go.

Few people appeared to be heeding the evacuation orders, according to interviews with people in five towns and cities in Zaporizhzhia, even as both armies have stepped up strikes in recent days and as Ukraine says it is in the final stages of preparing a counteroffensive.

Bohdan Starokon, the exiled head of the Vasylivka district administration in the Zaporizhzhia region, said that about 80 people of the roughly 5,000 people who remained in the town — out of a prewar population of 22,000 — had agreed to evacuate on Sunday.

Halyna, 58, a resident of the occupied town of Polohy, said that the Russian authorities abruptly announced the end of the school year on Friday. Scores of buses were brought in and residents were told to board with only what they could carry, said Halyna, who, like others interviewed for this article, asked that only her first name be used because of safety concerns.

Artur Krupskyi, the exiled Ukrainian head of the Polohy regional administration, said that other residents of the town told him that they saw school buses accompanied by police cars leaving Polohy and traveling south, toward the coastal city of Berdiansk.

The Ukrainian military’s General Staff said on Sunday that the Russian occupation authorities were moving civilians to “recreation centers” in Berdiansk and Prymorsk, a coastal town. The first people to be evacuated were those who had agreed to take up Russian citizenship in the early months of the occupation, it said.

The situation appeared to be particularly chaotic in the town of Enerhodar, home to many people who work at the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. The United Nations’ nuclear watchdog agency warned over the weekend that evacuating Enerhodar could increase the risk of an accident at the facility and expressed alarm over the “increasingly tense, stressful, and challenging conditions for personnel and their families.”

On Sunday, Enerhodar’s exiled mayor said that the evacuation order had caused “panic.” Gas stations were out of fuel, hospital equipment was being looted and the cost of medicine and supplies has “risen noticeably,” according to a Telegram post by the exiled mayor, Dmytro Orlov, who remains in contact with people there.

Mykhailo, an Enerhodar resident, said in a text message that when residents went to one local store over the weekend, a Russian official approached them and said it was closed.

Asked when the store would reopen, Mykhailo said, the soldier replied: “Never again.”