High Tech's Secret Weapon: The Whiteboard

It's black and white, so to speak. Blackboards, with their chalk, erasers and dust defined the knowledge acquisition experience of several generations. No one could imagine transporting them to an office; they were just too fusty and static, virtually reeking of obsolescence.

Whiteboards, by contrast, are omnipresent. In schools, yes, but many organizations brag about their ability to write on the walls and then either take a smartphone photo or, if smartboards are present, to send them where they need to go. It's become almost a cliche: have a thought? Start illustrating it for all to see. As the following article explains, Steve Jobs loved them; Jeff Bezos can't stay away from them; they are an integral part of the high tech experience, despite their relatively plebian provenance.

They are a symbol of the congruence we are seeing between the present and the future. Despite the deft graphic manipulation of TV weather forecasters and political analysts, most people are still more comfortable with a writing implement of some kind. They like the sense of control that having an inanimate object do what you want it to provides. And it is still a more natural type of expression, at least for most and for now.

In the battle for ideas and for communicating them effectively, there is not yet a superior substitute. And maybe there never will be. JL

Farhad Manjoo comments in the Wall Street Journal:

Pretty much every tech company I've ever visited is in thrall to the whiteboard. Indeed, as technologically backward as they may seem, whiteboards are to Silicon Valley what legal pads are to lawyers, what Excel is to accountants, or what long sleeves are to magicians.

The headquarters of the popular note-taking app Evernote are typical of many Silicon Valley firms. There's a cafeteria brimming with free food, vending machines offering up free tech supplies, and conference rooms bearing morale-boosting wacky names. (Evernote's theme is videogames: You might have a meeting in Ace Combat, Elder Scrolls, or Dig Dug.)

And then there are the whiteboards—or, more accurately, the whitewalls. When the company moved last year into the Redwood City, Calif., building, it painted almost every surface with IdeaPaint, a substance that makes walls amenable to dry-erase markers.

Now most of the building is a canvas for brainstorming, product design, strategy war-gaming, and, of course, doodles. Whether you're in an Evernote conference room, a hallway, or one of its large atriums stuffed with coders, you'll see scribbles wherever you turn.

At first blush this might strike you as incongruent. Evernote Corp.'s products are designed to render everything you think of and see, from grocery lists to websites to business cards, into digital notes that can be stored online forever.

The people who work at Evernote would thus seem to be the world's most ardent proselytizers of everything digital, and you might guess that the old-fashioned, hopelessly analog dry-erase marker would be out of place among such future folk.

They're an all-purpose tool of innovation, often the first place a product or company's vision is dreamed up and designed, and a constant huddling point for future refinement. And though many digital technologies have attempted to unseat the whiteboard, the humble pre-electronic surface can't be beat.

The whiteboard has three chief virtues: It's fast. It's easy to use. And it's big. "We're often doing something I call 'designing in the hallway,' " said Jamie Hull, the product manager for Evernote's iOS apps. "When a new problem or request comes up, the fastest thing you can do is pull two or three people aside, go to the nearest wall, and figure it out." Unlike a computer or phone, the whiteboard is always on, always fully charged, and it doesn't require that people download, install, and launch software to begin using it.

Whiteboards also allow for presenting a wide-range of information-writing, sketches, graphs—while requiring no learning curve. If you can handle a pen, you can use a whiteboard. Though there are certainly great whiteboard artists (think UPS's fantastic series of whiteboard-based advertisements), a whiteboard's casual, doodly nature lends itself even to people like myself, whose penmanship borders on the pathologically unreadable. This is in marked contrast to digital tools, which might require people to figure out certain buttons or other functions, or even get used to using a stylus or writing with fingers.

The whiteboard's hugeness is another key feature. The board is big enough to become the center of attention for a large crowd, making it an ideal space for a kind of visceral, physical collaboration, with lots of pointing, erasing and furious crossings out. That sort of thing can't easily be achieved on small, clinical screens.

The whiteboard's size also enforces a certain kind of thought. Whiteboards reward bigness: Because you've got to draw objects large enough for everyone to see, and because dry-erase markers are too fat to allow you to write too much text, the whiteboard encourages thinking about the highest levels of an idea, and it discourages getting lost in details. In tech terms, whiteboards are low-resolution—and in an era of increasingly high-definition communication systems, they're one of the few such low-def tools we have.

It's this bigness that makes the whiteboard the perfect tool for embarking on the sort of grand visions that animate Silicon Valley. It will come as no surprise, then, that some of the tech industry's most celebrated visionaries are often maestros of the whiteboard. According to Brad Stone's new book about Jeff Bezos, the Amazon.com Inc. CEO is given to manning the whiteboard to explain to his employees why they're wrong about everything.

Steve Jobs—who certainly had a keen interest in the smallest of product details—was an artist with the whiteboard. He used it to explain corporate strategy to his employees, he used it to outline his product ideas, and he used it to formulate his grandest ideas for Apple Inc. AAPL  AAPL in Your Value Your Change Short position When Mr. Jobs returned to Apple in 1997, he famously killed most of the foundering firm's products and replaced them with a lineup that he outlined on a two-by-two grid on a whiteboard: A notebook and desktop for consumers, and another pair for professionals.

Sure, there are disadvantages to the whiteboard. It's synchronous and physical, meaning that it can't be easily shared with people across the country, and can't be easily worked on by different people at different times. It's also not easy to back up or search—if you erase something or forget a great idea, you can't go back and find it.

Well, not until recently. At Evernote, the team usually snaps photos of every whiteboard session, shuffling them all off to the company's app for long-term backup. Evernote also recognizes whiteboard text, allowing the documents to be searched. So there you go: With a digital tweak, the analog whiteboard is unbeatable.